Public Health Ethics – #OpenCourseWare

This text was adapted by #OpenCourseWare under an Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.5)

2.1 Introduction
2.2 Case Study: Jacobson v. Massachusetts
2.3 Case Study: U.S. Public Health Service Research on Sexually Transmitted Disease: Alabama and Guatemala
2.4 Case Study: The New York City A1C Registry
2.5 Conclusions and Implications

3.1 Resource Allocation in Public Health
3.2 Collective Lessons from the Cases
3.3 Specific Ethical Issues in Resource Allocation
3.4 Decision-Making Process
3.5 Case 1: Priority Setting and Crisis of Public Hospitals in Colombia
3.6 Case 2: Intersection of Public Health and Mental Health: Meeting Family Needs
3.7 Case 3: Public-Private Partnerships: Role of Corporate Sponsorship in Public Health
3.8 Case 4: Black-White Infant Mortality: Disparities, Priorities, and Social Justice
3.9 Case 5: Priority Setting in Health Care: Ethical Issues
3.10 Case 6: Critical Care Triage in Pandemics

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Mandatory Treatment and Vaccination
4.3 Disease Screening and Surveillance
4.4 Stigma
4.5 Access to Care
4.6 Health Promotion Incentives
4.7 Emergency Response
4.8 Conclusion
4.9 Case 1: Mandatory Vaccination in Measles Outbreaks
4.10 Case 2: Public Health Approaches to Preventing Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission
4.11 Case 3: Newborn Bloodspot Screening: Personal Choice or Public Health Necessity? Storage and Ownership of Newborn Bloodspots
4.12 Case 4: Decoding Public Health Ethics and Inequity in India: A Conditional Cash Incentive Scheme—Janani Suraksha Yojana
4.13 Case 5: HIV Criminalization and STD Prevention and Control
4.14 Case 6: Ethics of Administering Anthrax Vaccine to Children
4.15 Case 7: Non-adherence to Treatment in Patients with Tuberculosis: A Challenge for Minimalist Ethics
4.16 Case 8: Mass Evacuation

6.1 Environment and Workplace: Key Venues for Public Health
6.2 Population Benefits, Individual Rights, and Ethically Acceptable Risk
6.3 Systems and Power: The Ethical Importance of Ecological and Social Context
6.4 Case 1: Assessing Mining’s Impact on Health Equity in Mongolia
6.5 Case 2: Exceptions to National MRSA Prevention Policy for a Medical Resident with Untreatable MRSA Colonization
6.6 Case 3: Safe Water Standards and Monitoring of a Well Construction Program
6.7 Case 4: Implementation of Global Public Health Programs and Threats to Personal Safety

7.1 Introduction
7.2 Different Approaches to the Concept of Vulnerability
7.3 Concerns Surrounding Approach (V2): Universal Condition
7.4 Concerns Surrounding Approach (V3): Specific Attributes, Contexts, or Groups
7.5 Concerns Surrounding Approach (V4): Overarching Concepts
7.6 Simplifying the Concept of Vulnerability (V5): The Moral-Marker Approach
7.7 Case 1: Reducing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in a Culturally Diverse Society: The New Zealand Cot Death Study and National Cot Death Prevention Programme
7.8 Case 2: Medical Tourism and Surrogate Pregnancy: A Case of Ethical Incoherence
7.9 Case 3: Compulsory Treatment for Injection Drug Use after Incarceration
7.10 Case 4: Unanticipated Vulnerability: Marginalizing the Least Visible in Pandemic Planning
7.11 Case 5: Can Asylum Seeking Be Managed Ethically?
7.12 Case 6: Tuberculosis Screening, Testing, and Treatment among Asylum Seekers

8.1 Introduction
8.2 The Rise of Globalization and Global Health
8.3 Ethics Frameworks for Global Health
8.4 Summary
8.5 Case 1: The Ethics of HIV Testing Policies
8.6 Case 2: Just Allocation of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Drugs in Sub-Saharan Africa
8.7 Case 3: Drug Trials in Developing Countries
8.8 Case 4: Ethical Issues in Responding to International Medication Stock-Outs
8.9 Case 5: Transmitting Cholera to Haiti
8.10 Case 6: Perilous Path to Middle East Peace: The Sanctions Dilemma
8.11 Case 7: Advancing Informed Consent and Ethical Standards in Multinational Health Research

9.1 Introduction
9.2 What Is Different About Public Health Research?
9.3 Ethical Considerations for Protecting the Public during Health Research
9.4 How Ethical Challenges Can Arise in Public Health Research: Lessons Learned from Cases
9.5 Conclusions
9.6 Case 1: To Reveal or Not to Reveal Potentially Harmful Findings: A Dilemma for Public Health Research
9.7 Case 2: Ethical Challenges in Impoverished Communities: Seeking Informed Consent in a Palestinian Refugee Camp in Lebanon
9.8 Case 3: Improving Review Quality and Efficiency of Research Ethics Committees to Enhance Public Health Practice in Africa
9.9 Case 4: Internet-Based HIV/AIDS Education and Prevention Programs in Vulnerable Populations: Black Men Who Have Sex with Men